Filter



Oct. 13, 1936. CQG, VOKES 2,057,219

FILTER Filed sept. 5, 1934 Patented Oct. ,13, 1936 UNITED- STATES PATENT 'ori-ICE Application September 5, 1934, Serial No. '142,828

In Great Britain September 7, 1933 1 Claim.

(Cl. E10- 165) r:[his invention relates to nlters and lter elebodiments of the invention, and the novel feaments and units `for use therein. Although the invention ls particularly suitable for application to filters used for filtering fuel oil, and speciilc i examples of such filters are given hereinafter,

the invention is by no means limited to such application and, is applicable to the ltering of fluids of any kind.

It is an object of the invention to lprovide a D filterelement which is formed integrally from felted material. Such an element avoids the disadvantage of a joint or joints in the material vof which the element is composed. A ldifficulty frequently encountered in the l- 5 tering art is in the formation of tight seals between the elements and fixed parts of the units or filters to prevent leakage past the elements.

A further object of the invention, therefore, is to provide a filter lelement substantially in the form of a hat, that is, with crown and brim portions the latterportion being easily clamped into close engagement with a fixed part of a filter unit or of a filter. An example of such an element is oneformed integrally from felted material and having a cylindrical crown por= tion which is closed at one end and at the other end is open and provided with an external flange 'or brim. The word cylindrical when used in this specification and the claims which stages of the production of hatters felt, or may o be formed .by a mouldingoperation, similar to the blocking of a hat, from sheets of felt cut from such cylinders.

In some kinds of ltering work, velements -formed integrally from felted material may L5 quickly become choked if used as a first stage element, and it is a further object of the invention to provide a lter or a lter unit wherein Vsuch an element is provided in series with one or more other elements. In a convenient form 50 ofv lter in accordance with the invention, uid

to be filtered is caused to pass through an element of wire gauze and felt before passing to an integrally formed felt element.

.Various other objects and advantages will be apparent from thefollowing descriptions of emtures will be particularly pointed out in connection with the appended claim.

In the accompanying drawing:

The figure shows in sectional elevation a i'llter 5 intended for use with fuel oil.

'Ihe filter shown in the flgure, comprises a header i, carrying the llter unit proper which is enclosed in a cup 2 secured to the. header.

The header is provided with an inlet connection t communicating withthe interior of a domed portion t and an outlet connection d communicating by a bore t with the interior of a bored integral portion i of the header which projects downwardly concentrically within the w domed portion.

' The cup 2 is provided with a downturned edge t which is engaged by an upstanding portion t of a ring in; this ring is secured to the header by bolts il, forcing the edge of the cup'into 20 'close contact with a ring of packing material situated within 'a groove i2 which is formed in the under surface of the header concentrically with the domed portion thereof.

The filter unit proper comprises three iiltering elements arranged in series so that the oil to be filtered -has to pass through each of them in turn. The flrstof these filtering elements is formed by a layer I3 of copper gauze mounted upon a cylinder Il of perforated copper plated steel: this element is held inposition by a disc i5 with upturned edge embracing the lower edge of the element and pressed upwards by a spring i6 so that the upper edge of the element is pressed against the rim I8 of a circular plate 35 il, the spring being confined between the disc I5 and the bottom of the cup. The plate Ill has a' central hollow upstanding portion i9 by which' it ls screwed lntothe portion 'i of4 the header, communication between the interior of 40 Y the filter unit proper and the outlet connection 5 being by way of the bore 6 of theheader, the interior of the portion 1, the upstanding portion Il of the plate i1 and a tube 20 extending downwardly therefrom. A ring 32 of packing ma- 45 terial is inserted between the plate i1 and the bottom of the portion 1 of. the header. The rim i8 or the plate IT is. `i'ormed by cutting away from the lower portion of the plate 'a portion of diameter substantially equal to the internal diameter of the cylinder Il so as to provide a nice t.

The third element in order of filtering, comprises a member 2| formedntegrally from hatter's felt and resembling a hat having a crown 55 it and brim 23. riChe member 2i is maintained in position by a ring fifi which clamps it by its rim to the underside oi the plate il' by means oi` screws 25. lis shown, the hat-like member is reinforced internally by a layer 2S oi large gauge wire imesh.

v The second element in order of filtering com-u prises a layer 2'@ of felt and sillr filtering material carried by a star-shaped member Z8 of wire gauae, the whole maintained-in position between the disc i5 and the ring 2Q by the pressure of the spring lo; a disc 2Q and ring B@ of packing material are placed between the ends of the elements and the disc i@ and ring 213i respectively to minimize leakage.

In the operation of the iter, fuel oil entera by way of the connection 2i to the interior of the cup i! to surround the first element through which it passes, subsequently passing through the second and third elements to reach the interior f the hat-like member 2l. The filtrate passes thence to the outlet connection t by way of the tube i9. There may be a certain amount of iroth and air contained in the incoming fuel oil, but since the tube it draws from the bottom of the filtrate within the third element, no air or froth is passed away with the clean oil. .in order to allow the removal of air which may become trapped in the filter, an air vent plug iii is provided in the header communicating with the interior of the cup 2.

, aoeigaie a tube communicating with said outlet orifice by` way of said bored boss and .said inner hollow portion, a hat-like element moulded from elted material clamped to said plate by a ring enraging its brim to surround the open end of said tube, a casing enclosing said filtering element secured to said header member so that its interlor is in communication with the interior of said outer hollow portion thereof, a star-shaped filter element of ielt and wire gauze surrounding the crown portion of said moulded element, a ilter element of wire gauze surrounding said starn shaped filter element, a plate member engaging said two latter filter elements at one end and a spring conned between said plate member and the end of said casing to press the other ends oi said latter two filter elements into contact with said plate secured to said header member.

CECIL GORDON VOKES. 

